A new government-funded study published in Pharmacology Reports has found that certain terpenes found in cannabis may provide effective relief for fibromyalgia and post-surgical pain.
The research, conducted by the University of Arizona Health Sciences and funded by the National Institutes of Health, builds on prior studies demonstrating terpenes’ pain-relieving properties in models of inflammation and neuropathy.
Led by John Streicher, PhD, the study tested four cannabis terpenes—geraniol, linalool, beta-caryophyllene, and alpha-humulene—on mice with induced fibromyalgia and post-surgical pain. Researchers found that all four terpenes significantly reduced pain levels, with geraniol producing the most pronounced effect. The findings suggest that these compounds may serve as non-opioid alternatives for managing chronic and post-surgical pain.
Unlike THC, terpenes do not produce psychoactive effects, making them a promising option for those seeking pain relief without intoxication. Streicher noted that while terpenes may not be effective for acute pain, such as injuries, they show substantial potential for chronic and pathological pain conditions.
“Our research is showing that terpenes are not a good option for reducing acute pain resulting from an injury, such as stubbing your toe or touching a hot stove; however, we are seeing significant reductions in pain when terpenes are used for chronic or pathological pain,” said Streicher, who is a professor in the U of A College of Medicine – Tucson’s Department of Pharmacology. “This study was the first to investigate the impact of terpenes in preclinical models of fibromyalgia and post-operative pain and expand the scope of potential pain-relieving treatments using terpenes.”
Fibromyalgia, a condition affecting up to 5% of the global population, has limited treatment options, making the discovery of new pain management methods critical. Post-surgical pain, though often temporary, can also lead to complications and long-term sensitivity. Current treatments, including opioids, come with risks such as constipation and addiction. According to Streicher, terpenes could offer an alternative with fewer side effects.
The study also explored the mechanism of action, finding that the terpenes worked through the adenosine A2a receptor, a target of caffeine. This receptor’s role in pain modulation highlights a potential new pathway for therapeutic development.
For the full text of this study, click here.
