Below is an alphabetical state-by-state summary of current home cultivation rules across the United States.
For each state we note whether recreational (adult-use) home grow is allowed, whether medical home grow is allowed, and the year marijuana legalization occurred (for the relevant category).
Alabama
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Illegal
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Home Grow: Not allowed
Alaska
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Up to 6 plants per adult 21+ (maximum of 12 per household), with no more than 3 mature plants per person.
Arizona
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Up to 6 plants per adult, with a maximum of 12 plants per household.
Arkansas
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Not allowed
California
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Those 21+ may grow up to 6 plants per residence. Medical patients may grow more if recommended by a physician.
Colorado
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Individuals 21+ may grow up to 6 plants, with no more than 3 mature plants. A maximum of 12 plants per residence is allowed, regardless of the number of adults.
Connecticut
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Those 21+ and medical patients may grow up to 6 plants (3 mature, 3 immature) per person, with a maximum of 12 plants per household.
Delaware
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Not permitted
Florida
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Not allowed
Georgia
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Limited (low-THC oil)
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Home Grow: Not allowed
Hawaii
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Medical patients may grow up to 10 plants.
Idaho
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Illegal
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Home Grow: Not allowed
Illinois
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Only medical patients may grow up to 5 plants. Recreational users are not permitted to cultivate cannabis at home.
Indiana
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Illegal
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Home Grow: Not allowed
Iowa
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Limited (CBD)
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Home Grow: Not allowed
Kansas
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Illegal
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Home Grow: Not allowed
Kentucky
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Not allowed
Louisiana
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Not allowed
Maine
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Individuals 21+ may grow up to 3 mature plants, 12 immature plants, and unlimited seedlings. Medical patients may grow up to 6 mature plants.
Maryland
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Those 21+ may grow up to 2 plants per household. Medical patients may grow up to 4 plants per household.
Massachusetts
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Adults 21+ may grow up to 6 plants per person, with a maximum of 12 plants per household.
Michigan
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Individuals 21+ may grow up to 12 plants per household for personal use.
Minnesota
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Adults 21+ may grow up to 8 plants, with no more than 4 mature plants.
Mississippi
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Not allowed
Missouri
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Adults 21+ may grow up to 6 flowering plants, 6 non-flowering plants, and 6 clones. A personal cultivation card is required.
Montana
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Individuals 21+ may grow up to 2 mature plants and 2 seedlings. Medical patients may grow up to 4 mature plants and 4 seedlings.
Nebraska
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Illegal
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Home Grow: Not allowed
Nevada
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Adults 21+ may grow up to 6 plants per person, with a maximum of 12 plants per household, only if they live more than 25 miles from a dispensary.
New Hampshire
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Not allowed
New Jersey
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Not allowed
New Mexico
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Adults 21+ may grow up to 6 mature plants and 6 immature plants, with a maximum of 12 mature plants per household.
New York
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Adults 21+ may grow up to 6 plants (3 mature, 3 immature) per person, with a maximum of 12 plants per household.
North Carolina
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Illegal
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Home Grow: Not allowed
North Dakota
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Medical patients may grow up to 8 plants if they live more than 40 miles from a dispensary.
Ohio
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Adults 21+ may cultivate up to 6 plants per person, with a maximum of 12 plants per household.
Oklahoma
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Registered medical patients may grow up to 6 mature plants and 6 seedlings.
Oregon
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Adults 21+ may grow up to 4 plants per household. Medical patients may cultivate up to 6 mature plants and 12 immature plants.
Pennsylvania
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Not permitted. However, Senate Bill 76 has been introduced to allow medical patients to cultivate cannabis for personal use.
Rhode Island
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Adults 21+ may cultivate up to 6 plants (3 mature, 3 immature) per person.
South Carolina
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Illegal
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Home Grow: Not permitted. Cultivation of any amount is considered a felony offense.
South Dakota
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Registered medical patients may cultivate up to 2 flowering plants and 2 non-flowering plants.
Tennessee
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Limited (CBD oil)
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Home Grow: Not allowed
Texas
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Limited (low-THC)
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Home Grow: Not allowed
Utah
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Not allowed
Vermont
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Adults 21+ may cultivate up to 2 mature and 4 immature plants per person, with a maximum of 4 mature and 8 immature plants per household.
Virginia
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Adults 21+ may cultivate up to 4 plants per household.
Washington
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Recreational: Legal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Recreational home cultivation is not permitted. Medical patients may cultivate up to 6 plants, with a maximum of 15 plants per housing unit.
West Virginia
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Legal
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Home Grow: Not permitted. However, House Bill 3230 has been introduced to allow medical patients to cultivate up to 10 plants, with no more than 5 mature at a time.
Wisconsin
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Illegal
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Home Grow: Not allowed
Wyoming
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Recreational: Illegal
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Medical: Illegal
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Home Grow: Not allowed
Each state summary above is based on the most recent statutes and official rules (as of 2025). For states where cannabis is legal but home growing remains illegal (e.g. Delaware, Florida, Illinois, New Jersey, etc.), the entry says “prohibits” or “not permitted.”
Summary
| State | Rec Home Grow | Med Home Grow |
|---|---|---|
| Alabama | No | No |
| Alaska | Yes | Yes |
| Arizona | Yes | Yes |
| Arkansas | No | No |
| California | Yes | Yes |
| Colorado | Yes | Yes |
| Connecticut | Yes | Yes |
| Delaware | No | No |
| Florida | No | No |
| Georgia | No | No |
| Hawaii | Yes | Yes |
| Idaho | No | No |
| Illinois | No | Yes |
| Indiana | No | No |
| Iowa | No | No |
| Kansas | No | No |
| Kentucky | No | No |
| Louisiana | No | Yes |
| Maine | Yes | Yes |
| Maryland | Yes | Yes |
| Massachusetts | Yes | Yes |
| Michigan | Yes | Yes |
| Minnesota | No | No |
| Mississippi | No | No |
| Missouri | Yes | Yes |
| Montana | Yes | Yes |
| Nebraska | No | No |
| Nevada | Yes* | Yes |
| New Hampshire | No | No |
| New Jersey | No | No |
| New Mexico | Yes | Yes |
| New York | Yes | Yes |
| North Carolina | No | No |
| North Dakota | No | Yes |
| Ohio | No | No |
| Oklahoma | No | Yes |
| Oregon | Yes | Yes |
| Pennsylvania | No | No |
| Rhode Island | Yes | Yes |
| South Carolina | No | No |
| South Dakota | No | Yes |
| Tennessee | No | No |
| Texas | No | No |
| Utah | No | No |
| Vermont | Yes | Yes |
| Virginia | Yes | Yes |
| Washington | No | No |
| West Virginia | No | No |
| Wisconsin | No | No |
| Wyoming | No | No |
Ongoing Efforts to Expand Home Cultivation
Several states are actively considering legislation to permit or expand home cultivation rights:
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Washington: A bill proposing to allow adults 21+ to cultivate up to 6 plants per person (maximum of 15 per household) passed its first committee earlier this year but did not advance further before the session’s deadline. Proponents plan to refile the bill next session.
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Florida: Legislation has been introduced to allow medical marijuana patients to grow up to 2 plants at home.
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New Hampshire: The House passed a bill allowing medical patients to cultivate up to 3 mature plants, 3 immature plants, and 12 seedlings. The bill has yet to advance in the Senate.
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Pennsylvania: Senate Bill 76, filed this year, would amend the Medical Marijuana Act to allow personal cultivation for medical patients.
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West Virginia: House Bill 3230 proposes to allow qualifying medical patients to grow up to 10 cannabis plants, with no more than 5 mature at a time.
